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Global debt securities markets¹

Amounts outstanding (estimated), in trillions of US dollars²

By market of issue

By sector of issuer

By currency of denomination³

DDS = domestic debt securities; FC = financial corporations; GG = general government; IDS = international debt securities; IO = international organisations; NFC = non-financial corporations; TDS = total debt securities.

Further information on the BIS debt securities statistics is available at www.bis.org/statistics/secstats.htm.

¹ Sample of countries varies across breakdowns shown. For countries that do not report TDS, data are estimated by the BIS as DDS plus IDS. For countries that do not report either TDS or DDS, data are estimated by the BIS as IDS. ² At quarter-end. Amounts denominated in currencies other than the US dollar are converted to US dollars at the exchange rate prevailing on the reference date. ³ Where a currency breakdown is not available, DDS are assumed to be denominated in the local currency.

Sources: IMF; Dealogic; Euroclear; Refinitiv; Xtrakter Ltd; national data; BIS debt securities statistics; BIS.